NAD+ stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a naturally occurring coenzyme found in cells. It is studied for its central role in redox biology, where NAD+ and NADH help shuttle electrons through core energy-producing pathways such as glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. This makes NAD+ an important research compound in models focused on cellular energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, and metabolic stress response.
NAD+ is also studied beyond its role in energy transfer. It serves as a substrate for enzymes involved in DNA repair, stress-response signaling, chromatin regulation, calcium signaling, and cellular homeostasis, including sirtuins, PARP enzymes, and CD38-related pathways. Research interest around NAD+ has grown because intracellular NAD+ availability appears to intersect with aging biology, mitochondrial resilience, inflammation signaling, and tissue stress responses.



